These new learning models not only promote greater flexibility and personalisation, but also foster essential skills for the future, such as critical thinking, collaboration and creativity.
Below, I describe some of the most relevant and current points in this regard, such as project-based learning, personalised education, collaborative learning, gamification or autonomous learning, among others.
Project-based learning
One of the most prominent approaches is project-based learning (PBL). This model focuses on the development of practical cases that allow students to apply their knowledge in real situations. Through PBL, students not only acquire theoretical knowledge, but also develop practical skills and transversal competences. This approach fosters autonomy, responsibility and the ability to solve complex problems.
For example, we can imagine a group of engineering students who are given the challenge of designing and constructing a building using recycled materials. Throughout the project, students must research building structures, calculate loads and stresses, and finally build a scale model. This project not only allows them to apply theoretical knowledge of physics and mathematics, but also develops practical skills such as teamwork, time management and problem solving.
Personalised education
Personalised education is another key pillar of the new learning models. Thanks to technology, it is possible to adapt educational content to the needs and pace of each student. Online learning platforms and artificial intelligence tools make it possible to create individualised educational pathways, offering resources and activities that are tailored to the interests and skills of each individual. This approach not only improves academic performance, but also increases student motivation and engagement.
Here we could within the context of a mathematics class, have each student have access to an online learning platform that adapts lessons and exercises to their level of ability. A student who quickly masters basic concepts can move on to more complex topics, while another who needs more time can receive additional explanations and reinforcement exercises. This personalisation helps each student learn at their own pace and maximise their potential.
Collaborative learning
Collaborative learning is a methodology that promotes teamwork and cooperation among students. Through group activities and joint projects, students learn to communicate effectively, share responsibilities and value diverse perspectives. This model prepares students for the world of work, where the ability to work in a team is a highly valued skill.
As an example, we could have students in a science class break into small groups to investigate different aspects of climate change. Each group should work together to collect data, analyse information and present their findings to the rest of the class. Through this activity, they learn to communicate effectively, value the contributions of their peers and work together to achieve a common goal.
Gamification
Gamification is a strategy that uses elements of games to make learning more engaging and motivating. Through the use of points, levels, rewards and challenges, gamification turns the educational process into a playful and stimulating experience. This methodology not only increases student engagement and interest, but also improves knowledge retention and skill development.
Imagine that, in a history class, the teacher introduces a role-playing game in which students assume the roles of historical figures during the French Revolution. Through debates, simulations and challenges, students earn points and rewards for making strategic decisions and demonstrating their knowledge of the historical period. This methodology will make learning more dynamic and engaging, and help students retain information better.
Autonomous learning
Autonomous learning is an approach that encourages self-direction and self-management of the educational process. Students are responsible for their own learning, setting their own goals, planning their activities and assessing their progress. This model promotes independence, discipline and the ability to learn throughout life. It also prepares students to meet the challenges of a constantly changing world, where the ability to learn continuously is essential.
In a software development course, students may have the freedom to choose the projects they want to develop and the tools they want to learn to use. For example, one student might choose to create a mobile application that solves a specific problem, such as managing personal tasks, while another might focus on developing an interactive website for a small business. This approach encourages self-direction by allowing students to define their own goals, choose technologies that interest them (such as Python, JavaScript, or frameworks such as React), and seek out resources on their own to solve problems, developing practical research, planning and programming skills.
Competency-based education
Competency-based education focuses on the development of specific skills and competencies, rather than the acquisition of theoretical knowledge. This approach assesses students’ performance in terms of their ability to apply what they have learned in real-life contexts. This type of educational practice is particularly relevant in the professional environment, where practical skills and experience are critical to success.
We may, in an industrial design training programme, have students have to demonstrate their competence in specific skills, such as the use of 3D modelling software and the creation of physical prototypes. Instead of theoretical exams, students are assessed through practical projects and presentations of their designs. This approach ensures that graduates are prepared to apply their knowledge and skills in the world of work.
Technology and education
Technology plays a crucial role in the implementation of these new learning models. Tools such as online learning platforms, educational applications, augmented and virtual reality, and artificial intelligence systems are revolutionising the way we teach and learn. These technologies not only facilitate access to high-quality educational resources, but also enable the creation of more interactive and personalised learning experiences.
When students in a programming class use integrated development environments (IDEs) and online collaboration tools to work on open source projects, they can collaborate with other programmers around the world, share their code and receive real-time feedback. This technology enriches the learning experience and allows students to interact with the content in a deeper and more meaningful way.
Conclusion
New learning models are transforming education, offering more flexible, personalised and student-centred approaches. These methodologies not only improve academic performance, but also prepare students to face the challenges of the future. In an ever-changing world, it is essential to adopt educational approaches that foster the development of critical skills and transversal competences.
In this context, it is important to highlight that there are institutions that are at the forefront of these changes and that are constantly receiving new students interested in being part of this educational revolution.
Fundación Telefónica, with the 42 project, jumped on the bandwagon of educational innovation five years ago and, on a permanent basis, offers the possibility to all those over 18 years of age to embark on a disruptive and effective learning model that prepares them for the labour market.
